PRK vs. LASIK and SMILE eye surgery: how do they compare?

If you’ve been researching laser eye surgery, you’ve likely come across the two most common options: LASIK and PRK. At Goel Vision in Baltimore and Columbia, we also offer SMILE – a newer, minimally invasive procedure that delivers LASIK-like results with even less disruption to the eye.

While each option can correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism, they differ in how they’re performed (and who they’re best for). Below, we’ll walk you through the differences between LASIK, PRK and SMILE to help you understand your options.

What is LASIK (and how is SMILE different)?

LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis) is one of the most widely performed vision correction procedures worldwide. More than 40 million procedures have been performed across the globe.

How LASIK works:

• A laser creates a thin flap in the cornea
• The underlying corneal tissue is reshaped to correct vision
• The flap is repositioned to promote natural healing

At Goel Vision, our patients often report clearer vision immediately after the surgery. Your sight should continue to improve dramatically in the following hours.

One of the biggest benefits of LASIK is it offers a quick recovery. Because the flap stays intact, most LASIK patients resume normal activities within 24 hours.

How SMILE works

SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) is a flap-free alternative to LASIK.

• Instead of creating a flap, a femtosecond laser creates a small disc-shaped piece of tissue (lenticule) within the cornea
• This lenticule is removed through a tiny incision – no flap required

SMILE offers similar results to LASIK, with even less disruption to the eye’s surface and reduced risk of dry eye symptoms. It’s a great option for patients with active lifestyles or dry eye sensitivity.

Who’s a good candidate for LASIK or SMILE?

• Adults age 18+ with a stable prescription
• Patients with healthy corneas
• SMILE may be better for those prone to dry eyes or looking for a flap-free procedure.
• Because SMILE is flap-free like PRK, it’s also a preferred option for individuals in physically demanding or high-impact occupations.
• It’s important to note that SMILE is currently FDA-approved only for nearsighted patients with prescriptions between -1.00 and -10.00 diopters.

What is PRK?

PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) is another proven form of laser vision correction with decades of advanced technology and proven success.

How PRK works:

• The outer layer of the cornea (epithelium) is gently removed
• A laser reshapes the exposed tissue to correct vision
• A soft contact lens is placed over the eye to aid healing

Because PRK doesn’t involve a flap or lenticule, it’s often recommended for patients who may not be ideal candidates for LASIK or SMILE, such as people with thin or irregular corneas, or those in high-impact professions.

Who’s a good candidate for PRK?

• Patients with thin or irregular corneas
• Individuals with chronic dry eye
• Those in physically demanding or high-impact jobs (e.g., military, athletes, first responders)

LASIK vs. PRK: which one has the faster recovery?

The biggest difference between LASIK, PRK, and SMILE often comes down to recovery.

LASIK recovery:

• Next day: Clearer vision for most patients
• First week: Mild dryness or halos may occur
• One month: Vision typically stabilizes

SMILE recovery:

• Next day: Most patients notice rapid visual improvement
• First week: Less dryness and discomfort than LASIK
• One month: Vision is fully stabilized for most

PRK recovery:

• First few days: Expect discomfort, light sensitivity, and blurry vision
• First week: Vision begins to improve
• Several weeks to months: Final results appear gradually

While PRK takes longer to heal, the long-term outcomes are just as effective. All three procedures are equally safe.

How do LASIK, SMILE, and PRK differ?

Similarities:

• Use advanced laser technology for vision correction
• Quick outpatient procedures (10–15 minutes)
• Deliver long-term results
• Treat nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism

Differences:

• Technique:
• LASIK creates a flap
• SMILE removes tissue through a small incision
• PRK removes the corneal surface layer
• Recovery time:
• LASIK and SMILE are faster than PRK
• Candidacy:
• SMILE and PRK are better options for thin corneas or dry eyes
• Discomfort:
• PRK involves more healing time and temporary discomfort

Dr. Sonny Goel: Trusted LASIK, SMILE, and PRK surgeon in Maryland

Choosing the right procedure is easier with the right surgeon. Dr. Sonny Goel has decades of experience and has performed thousands of successful LASIK, PRK, and SMILE procedures. Patients across Maryland trust him for personalized, safe, and effective care.

Why patients choose Goel Vision:

• Decades of surgical experience
• Advanced technology, including blade-free LASIK and SMILE
• Competitive pricing and flexible financing
• FSA/HSA eligibility
• Personalized, compassionate care from consult to recovery

We offer both in-person and virtual consultations to fit your schedule. During your consult, we’ll evaluate your candidacy and recommend the procedure that best matches your goals.

With clinics in Baltimore and Columbia, Goel Vision is easy to access, whether you’re visiting from downtown or the suburbs. After your consult, enjoy the local area: grab lunch near Baltimore’s Inner Harbor, take a walk through Centennial Park, or explore shops in Ellicott City. Our team is always happy to offer recommendations.

Not sure which procedure is right for you?           
Book your free consultation at Goel Vision today and take the first step toward clearer, more confident vision.